Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are metabolic byproducts that regulate various cellular
processes. However, at high levels, ROS induce oxidative stress, which in turn can trigger …

Ferroptosis is a regular cell death pathway that has been proposed as a suitable therapeutic
target in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Since its definition in 2012, a few hundred …

Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) has emerged as an effective therapeutic modality as it employs
ultrasound (US) to eradicate deep-seated tumors noninvasively. However, the therapeutic …

Proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) are bifunctional molecules that degrade target
proteins through recruiting E3 ligases. However, their application is limited in part because …

Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are a major class of phase II metabolic enzymes. Besides
their essential role in detoxification, GSTs also exert diverse biological activities in the …

Gastric cancer (GC) is a serious global health concern. GC is a form of cancer that advances
through the stomach lining. Therefore, there is a need to explore novel preventive strategies …

Ocular retinoblastoma malignancies, which develop into metastatic phenotypes, result in
poor prognosis and survival for infant and child patients. To improve the prognosis of …

Cancer is a worldwide health problem with high mortality in children and adults, making
searching for novel bioactive compounds with potential use in cancer treatment essential …

Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common endocrine malignancy. Recently, the global
incidence of TC has increased rapidly. Differentiated thyroid cancer includes papillary …

Oral cancer is a malignant tumor that primarily affects areas such as the lips, tongue, buccal
mucosa, salivary gland, and gingiva and has a very high malignancy. Piperlongumine (PL) …