Evolutionary biology provides a crucial foundation for medicine and behavioral science that
has been missing from psychiatry. Its absence helps to explain slow progress; its advent …

Benzodiazepines have been in use for over half a century. While they remain highly
prescribed, their unfavorable side-effect profile and abuse liability motivated a search for …

Substance use disorders (SUDs) are highly prevalent and exact a large toll on individuals'
health, well‐being, and social functioning. Long‐lasting changes in brain networks involved …

Background Binge drinking is the consumption of an excessive amount of alcohol in a short
period of time. This pattern of consumption is highly prevalent during the crucial …

Despite decades of research and anti-tobacco messaging, nicotine addiction remains an
important public health problem leading to hundreds of thousands of deaths each year …

The faster a drug enters the brain, the greater its addictive potential, yet the brain circuits
underlying the rate dependency to drug reward remain unresolved. With simultaneous PET …

Introduction Numerous neuroimaging studies of resting‐state functional imaging and voxel‐
based morphometry (VBM) have revealed that patients with substance use disorder (SUD) …

Addictions are heritable and unfold dynamically across the lifespan. One prominent
neurobiological theory proposes that substance-induced changes in neural circuitry promote …

The development of physical dependence and addiction disorders due to misuse of opioid
analgesics is a major concern with pain therapeutics. We developed a mouse model of …

Interneuron populations within the nucleus accumbens (NAc) orchestrate excitatory-
inhibitory balance, undergo experience-dependent plasticity, and gate-motivated behavior …