Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has stimulated tremendous
efforts to develop therapeutic strategies that target severe acute respiratory syndrome …

Background Interpretation of the evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of
remdesivir in patients treated in hospital for COVID-19 is conflicting. We aimed to assess the …

In patients with severe COVID‐19, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), multiple
organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), and even mortality can result from cytokine storm …

Background Illness after infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
(SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant is less severe compared with previous variants. Data on the …

Somatic hypermutation (SHM) drives affinity maturation and continues over months in SARS-
CoV-2-neutralizing antibodies (nAbs). However, several potent SARS-CoV-2 antibodies …

Emerging variants of concern (VOCs) are threatening to limit the effectiveness of SARS-CoV-
2 monoclonal antibodies and vaccines currently used in clinical practice; broadly …

Background Randomized controlled trials (RCT) established the mortality reduction by
tocilizumab (Actemra), baricitinib (Olumiant), and sarilumab (Kevzara) in hospitalized COVID …

COVID-19 in immunocompromised patients is difficult to treat. SARS-CoV-2 interaction with
the host immune system and the role of therapy still remains only partly understood. There …

Background Randomised controlled trials of passive antibodies as treatment and
prophylaxis for COVID-19 have reported variable efficacy. However, the determinants of …

Immunothrombosis—immune-mediated activation of coagulation—is protective against
pathogens, but excessive immunothrombosis can result in pathological thrombosis and …