We examine validity and bias in external review letters (ERLs) in academic settings. ERLs
play a critical role in promotion and tenure (P&T) decisions across the globe, ending careers …

Background Artificial intelligence chatbots such as ChatGPT (OpenAI) have garnered
excitement about their potential for delegating writing tasks ordinarily performed by humans …

This paper draws from our own experiences of sexism within Business Schools to bring
attention to the effects of the operation of a highly masculinized, white, cis‐gendered, and …

Historically, the physician professional identity and the organizational structure of Western
medicine have been defined by masculine norms such as authority and assertiveness. The …

The hospitality industry faces a gender gap in leadership. Further research is needed to
explore if gender stereotypes emerge naturally in applicant materials, like resumes and …

Background and Objectives Gender disparities have been demonstrated across several
medical specialties, including neurology. Although women have comprised most of the child …

Despite significant knowledge on the demographic composition of workgroups, the literature
lacks group‐level theory that addresses the tendency of work groups with token levels of …

Background As leaders strive to create equitable surgical pipelines, one process under
scrutiny is letters of recommendation (LORs). We sought to review the Colon and Rectal …

Although significant advancements have been made, gender disparity in the form of unequal
pay and underrepresentation of women in leadership positions and STEM fields still exists …

Over the last thirty years, social scientists have consistently found that bias pervades and
shapes faculty hiring decisions. Although multiple methods have been used, some of the …