Abstract Purpose of Review SARS-CoV-2 drove the catastrophic global phenomenon of the
COVID-19 pandemic resulting in a multitude of systemic health issues, including bone loss …

Abstract Purpose of Review SARS-CoV-2 infection, the culprit of the COVID-19 pandemic,
has been associated with significant long-term effects on various organ systems, including …

Osteoporosis is the most common bone disorder, characterized by low bone mineral density
and microarchitectural deterioration of the bone tissue, which increases the susceptibility to …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a progressive, chronic, autoimmune, inflammatory, and systemic
condition that primarily affects the synovial joints and adjacent tissues, including bone …

Studies over the last 2 decades have identified IL-17 and IL-21 as key cytokines in the
modulation of a wide range of immune responses. IL-17 serves as a critical defender against …

T cells are adaptive immune cells essential in pathogenic response, cancer, and
autoimmune disorders. During the integration of biomaterials with host tissue, T cells modify …

Bone aging is characterized by an imbalance in the physiological and pathological
processes of osteogenesis, osteoclastogenesis, adipogenesis, and chondrogenesis …

Introduction IL-17 has been described as a pro-inflammatory cytokine that is relevant in the
seronegative spondylarthritides with IL-17 targeted therapies being licensed for their …

Introduction Gut microbiota (GM) is the collection of small organisms such as bacteria, fungi,
bacteriophages and protozoans living in the intestine in symbiotics relation within their host …

Objective Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that involves an imbalance in the oral
microbiota, activation of inflammatory and immune responses, and alveolar bone …