Once hailed as miraculous solutions, antibiotics no longer hold that status. The excessive
use of antibiotics across human healthcare, agriculture, and animal husbandry has given …

Background Adults aged≥ 65 years, adults with certain underlying medical conditions, and
persons experiencing homelessness are at increased risk for invasive pneumococcal …

Background Despite the general consensus on the safety of pneumococcal conjugate
vaccine (PCV), safety concerns unveiled during post-licensure surveillance need to be …

Introduction Pneumococcus remains a major cause of adult lower respiratory tract infections
(LRTI). Few data exist on the relative contribution of serotypes included in pneumococcal …

Antimicrobial resistance poses a significant global health threat, necessitating innovative
approaches for combatting it. This review explores various mechanisms of antimicrobial …

Background In 2012, Botswana introduced 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine
(PCV-13) to its childhood immunization program in a 3+ 0 schedule, achieving coverage …

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major human pathogen, frequently associated with
respiratory infections. Despite its prevalence, etiologic diagnosis of pneumococcal infections …

Background The introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) has reduced
carriage of vaccine-type (VT) pneumococci in many settings. We determined the impact of …

Objectives We characterized the population structure and features of clinical Streptococcus
pneumoniae isolates associated with invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) from 2009 to …

Background The study evaluated the protective effect of 13-valent pneumococcal
polysaccharide conjugate vaccine (PCV13) against all-cause hospitalized pneumonia in …