Plants, anchored throughout their life cycles, face a unique set of challenges from fluctuating
environments and pathogenic assaults. Central to their adaptative mechanisms are …

Pathogens influence the growth and development of plants, resulting in detrimental damage
to their yields and quality. Ethylene, a gaseous phytohormone, serves a pivotal function in …

Among the main challenges in current viticulture, there is the increasing demand for
sustainability in the protection from fungal diseases, such as downy mildew (DM) and …

The plant hormone ethylene plays a critical role in fruit defense against Botrytis cinerea
attack, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we showed that …

Ustilago maydis is a biotrophic fungus that causes tumor formation on all aerial parts of
maize. U. maydis secretes effector proteins during penetration and colonization to …

Plants have evolved a sophisticated immune system to defend against invasion by
pathogens. In response, pathogens deploy copious effectors to evade the immune …

The molecular mechanism involved in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) resistance to the
necrotrophic fungal pathogen Ascochyta rabiei is not well documented. A. rabiei infection …

Key message MdERF023 is a transcription factor that can reduce salt tolerance by inhibiting
ABA signaling and Na+/H+ homeostasis. Abstract Salt stress is one of the principal …

Flavonoids are plant pigments that play a major role in plant defense and have significant
health benefits to humans. Chalcone synthase (CHS) is an important enzyme in flavonoid …

Ethylene response factor (ERF) is a class of plant-specific transcription factors that play an
important role in plant growth, development, and stress response. However, the underlying …