The bacterial flagellum is a helical filamentous organelle responsible for motility. In bacterial
species possessing flagella at the cell exterior, the long helical flagellar filament acts as a …

A huge number of bacterial species are motile by flagella, which allow them to actively move
toward favorable environments and away from hazardous areas and to conquer new …

The bacterial flagellum is a complex and dynamic nanomachine that propels bacteria
through liquids. It consists of a basal body, a hook, and a long filament. The flagellar filament …

Microtubules (MTs) are polymers assembled from αβ-tubulin heterodimers that display the
hallmark behavior of dynamic instability. MT dynamics are driven by GTP hydrolysis within …

INTRODUCTION Immunogenic flagellin fragments are a signature of bacterial invasion in
both plants and animals. Plants recognize flagellin fragments via flagellin sensitive 2 (FLS2) …

Flagella-driven motility is an important trait for bacterial colonization and virulence. Flagella
rotate and propel bacteria in liquid or semi-liquid media to ensure such bacterial fitness …

Immune systems respond to" non-self" molecules termed microbe-associated molecular
patterns (MAMPs). Microbial genes encoding MAMPs have adaptive functions and are thus …

The supercoiling of bacterial and archaeal flagellar filaments is required for motility.
Archaeal flagellar filaments have no homology to their bacterial counterparts and are …

Echoing the repeated convergent evolution of flight and vision in large eukaryotes,
propulsive swimming motility has evolved independently in microbes in each of the three …

The Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport (ESCRTs) mediate diverse
membrane remodeling events. These activities typically require ESCRT-III proteins to …