The known seven mammalian receptor subunits (P2X1–7) form cationic channels gated by
ATP. Three subunits compose a receptor channel. Each subunit is a polypeptide consisting …

Extracellular purines (adenosine, ADP, and ATP) and pyrimidines (UDP and UTP) are
important signaling molecules that mediate diverse biological effects via cellsurface …

P2X receptors are membrane ion channels that open in response to the binding of
extracellular ATP. Seven genes in vertebrates encode P2X receptor subunits, which are 40 …

The highly disagreeable sensation of pain results from an extraordinarily complex and
interactive series of mechanisms integrated at all levels of the neuroaxis, from the periphery …

The P2Z receptor is responsible for adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent lysis of
macrophages through the formation of membrane pores permeable to large molecules …

Mammalian ATP-gated nonselective cation channels (P2XRs) can be composed of seven
possible subunits, denoted P2X1 to P2X7. Each subunit contains a large ectodomain, two …

This review is focused on purinergic neurotransmission, ie, ATP released from nerves as a
transmitter or cotransmitter to act as an extracellular signaling molecule on both pre-and …

Extracellular adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) activates cell surface P2X and P2Y
receptors. P2X receptors are membrane ion channels preferably permeable to sodium …

The urothelium, which lines the renal pelvis, ureters, urinary bladder, and proximal urethra,
forms a high-resistance but adaptable barrier that surveils its mechanochemical …

Extracellular adenosine 5′ triphosphate (ATP) is a widespread cell-to-cell signaling
molecule in the brain, where it activates cell surface P2X and P2Y receptors. P2X receptors …