Background: The connection between uric acid (UA) and renal impairment is well known
due to the urate capacity to precipitate within the tubules or extra-renal system. Emerging …

Copper is a fundamental element for the homeostasis of the body. It is the third most
abundant essential transition metal in humans. Changes in the concentration of copper in …

Clinical and preclinical interest in Type 2 diabetes (T2D)-associated cognitive dysfunction
(TDACD) has grown in recent years. However, the precise mechanisms underlying TDACD …

Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) is a multi-organ disease characterized by the complex
interaction between heart and kidney during acute or chronic injury. The pathogenesis of …

Youth-onset Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) represents a major burden worldwide. In the
last decades, the prevalence of T2DM became higher than that of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus …

Abstract Ethnopharmacological relevance Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been
applied to diabetic kidney disease (DKD). A large number of animal trials each year focus on …

Aims This review summarizes the contribution of Italian diabetologists devoted to a better
understanding of the complex relationship linking sex/gender and long-term complications …

Lysosomes are organelles involved in cell metabolism, waste degradation, and cellular
material circulation. They play a key role in the maintenance of cellular physiological …

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most common microvascular complication in diabetes and
one of the leading causes of end-stage renal disease. The standard treatments for patients …

Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) represents the most common cause of Chronic Kidney
Disease (CKD) in developed countries. Approximately 30% to 40% of diabetes mellitus (DM) …