Sleep apnea occurs in 5% to 10% of the general population, regardless of race and
ethnicity. 1 By contrast, in patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), its prevalence …

Abstract The International Classification of Sleep Disorders, Second Edition (ICSD-2)
distinguishes 5 subtypes of central sleep apnea syndromes (CSAS) in adults. Review of the …

The complexity of central breathing disturbances during sleep has become increasingly
obvious. They present as central sleep apnoeas (CSAs) and hypopnoeas, periodic …

Central sleep apnea (CSA) is characterized by a lack of drive to breathe during sleep,
resulting in repetitive periods of insufficient ventilation and compromised gas exchange …

Central sleep apnoea (CSA)–the temporary absence or diminution of ventilatory effort during
sleep–is seen in a variety of forms including periodic breathing in infancy and healthy adults …

Cheyne-Stokes respiration with central sleep apnea (CSR-CSA) is a form of periodic
breathing, commonly observed in patients with heart failure (HF), in which central apneas …

Central sleep apnea (CSA) is a highly prevalent, though often unrecognized, comorbidity in
patients with heart failure (HF). Data from HF population studies suggest that it may present …

Sleep apnoea is associated with significant daytime functioning impairment and marked
cardiovascular morbidities, leading to a significant increase in mortality. Sympathetic …

Obstructive and central sleep apnea are far more common in heart failure patients than in
the general population and their presence might contribute to the progression of heart failure …

The Canadian Thoracic Society (CTS) published an executive summary of guidelines for the
diagnosis and treatment of sleep disordered breathing in 2006/2007. These guidelines were …