The trillions of microorganisms in the human intestine are important regulators of health, and
disruptions in the gut microbial communities can cause disease. The gut, liver and immune …

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease
worldwide. NAFLD begins as a relatively benign hepatic steatosis which can evolve to non …

Summary The EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) on the management of hepatic
encephalopathy (HE) present evidence-based answers to a set of relevant questions (where …

Liver fibrosis due to viral or metabolic chronic liver diseases is a major challenge of global
health. Correlating with liver disease progression, fibrosis is a key factor for liver disease …

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a frequent and serious complication of both chronic liver
disease and acute liver failure. HE manifests as a wide spectrum of neuropsychiatric …

The gut and the liver are characterized by mutual interactions between both organs, the
microbiome, diet and other environmental factors. The sum of these interactions is …

Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is a major cause of chronic liver disease worldwide,
and comprises a spectrum of several different disorders, including simple steatosis …

Alcoholic liver disease, which ranges from mild disease to alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis,
is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Alcohol intake can lead to changes …

Cirrhosis–the common end-stage of chronic liver disease–is associated with a cascade of
events, of which intestinal bacterial overgrowth and dysbiosis are central. Bacterial toxins …

Intestinal barrier dysfunction and dysbiosis contribute to development of diseases in liver
and other organs. Physical, immunologic, and microbiologic (bacterial, fungal, archaeal …