Influx of sodium ions through voltage-gated sodium channels in cardiomyocytes is essential
for proper electrical conduction within the heart. Both acquired conditions associated with …

Oxysterols, or cholesterol oxidation products, are naturally occurring lipids which regulate
the physiology of cells, including those of the immune system. In contrast to effects that are …

T follicular helper (TFH) cells are critical in adaptive immune responses to pathogens and
vaccines; however, what drives the initiation of their developmental program remains …

Naïve CD4+ T cells experience weak T cell receptor (TCR) signals induced by self-peptides
presented by MHC II. To investigate how these “basal” TCR signals influence responses to …

αβ T cells are critical components of the adaptive immune system and are capable of
inducing sterilizing immunity after pathogen infection and eliminating transformed tumor …

Highlights•Surrogate markers of tonic TCR signaling include CD5, Ly6C, and Nur77-
GFP.•Tonic (or basal) TCR signaling in response to self-antigens can vary in intensity.•Naive …

The contribution of self-peptide–MHC signaling in CD4+ T cells to metabolic programming
has not been definitively established. In this study, we employed LLO118 and LLO56, two …

Most mathematical models that describe the individual or collective actions of cells aim at
creating faithful representations of limited sets of data in a self-consistent manner …

Microbial communities in the human gut play a significant role in regulating host gene
expression, influencing a variety of biological processes. To understand the molecular …

Since the precursor frequency of naive T cells is extremely low, investigating the early steps
of antigen-specific T cell activation is challenging. To overcome this detection problem …