Fascial plane blocks (FPBs) are regional anesthesia techniques in which the space (“plane”)
between two discrete fascial layers is the target of needle insertion and injection. Analgesia …

Regional anesthesia has benefits beyond just treating acute postoperative pain. Interfascial
plane blocks, which have been very popular with ultrasound in recent years, function …

Background Cervical erector spinae plane (ESP) block has been described to anesthetize
the brachial plexus (BP), however, the mechanism of its clinical effect remains unknown. As …

Objective Moderate to severe pain may occur following arthroscopic shoulder surgery. An
erector spinae plane block (ESPB) may be used for painful conditions of the shoulder. The …

Purpose The high-thoracic erector spinae plane block (HT-ESPB) has been reported as an
effective analgesic modality for the shoulder region without phrenic nerve palsy. The goal of …

Advancements in modern health care over 20 years have substantially increased the
average lifespan in developed countries, and the fastest growing population is the elderly …

Existing diaphragm-sparing brachial plexus regional anesthesia techniques used for
shoulder and clavicle surgery may help minimize pulmonary complications by preserving …

Shoulder arthroscopy, a common intervention for severe rotator cuff injuries, is associated
with severe postoperative pain. Upon performing cervical erector spinae plane (ESP) blocks …

This study assessed the analgesic and motor effects of the GIN-TONIC block, a combination
of the greater ischiatic notch plane block and the caudal lateral quadratus lumborum block …

Introduction Cervical erector spinae plane block (ESPB) provides postoperative pain relief
when administered at the level of first thoracic costotransverse junction (CTJ) for surgeries …