Volatile elements (water, carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, halogens, and noble gases) played an
essential role in the secular evolution of the solid Earth and emergence of life. Here we …

The concentration and distribution of water in the Earth has influenced its evolution
throughout its history. Even at the trace levels contained in the planet's deep interior (mantle …

Abstract The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO), a 20 kton multi-purpose
underground liquid scintillator detector, was proposed with the determination of the neutrino …

The origin of Earth's water remains unknown. Enstatite chondrite (EC) meteorites have
similar isotopic composition to terrestrial rocks and thus may be representative of the …

The Earth formed by accretion of Moon-to Mars-size embryos coming from various
heliocentric distances. The isotopic nature of these bodies is unknown. However, taking …

Earth's water, intrinsic oxidation state and metal core density are fundamental chemical
features of our planet. Studies of exoplanets provide a useful context for elucidating the …

The recent long-term shutdown of Japanese nuclear reactors has resulted in a significantly
reduced reactor ν¯ e flux at KamLAND. This running condition provides a unique opportunity …

The nine editions of Stable Isotope Geochemistry have appeared over a time span of nearly
50 years. The first edition (1973) appeared as a slim book of 135 pages. Due to the rapid …

Plots such as ε54Cr vs. ε50Ti and ε54Cr vs. Δ17O reveal a fundamental dichotomy among
planetary materials. The “carbonaceous” chondrites, by virtue of high ε50Ti and high ε62Ni …

As subducting plates reach the base of the upper mantle, some appear to flatten and
stagnate, while others seemingly go through unimpeded. This variable resistance to slab …