Regenerative medicine is a new and promising mode of therapy for patients who have
limited or no other options for the treatment of their illness. Due to their pleotropic therapeutic …

Introduction: Stem cell-based regenerative medicine has provided an excellent opportunity
to investigate therapeutic strategies and innovative treatments for Alzheimer's disease (AD) …

The accumulation of extracellular β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques within the brain is unique to
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and thought to induce synaptic deficits and neuronal loss. Optimal …

Amyloid beta (Aβ) aggregation and tau hyper phosphorylation (p-tau) are key molecular
factors in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The abnormal formation and accumulation of Aβ and p …

Neurodegeneration is characterized by progressive, disabling, and incurable neurological
disorders with the massive loss of specific neurons. As one of the most promising potential …

In tissue engineering, the decellularization of organs and tissues as a biological scaffold
plays a critical role in the repair of neurodegenerative diseases. Various protocols for cell …

Numerous studies have reported that circulating cytokines (CCs) are linked to age-related
neurodegenerative diseases (ANDDs); however, there is a lack of systematic investigation …

Neuroinflammation refers to a highly complicated reaction of the central nervous system
(CNS) to certain stimuli such as trauma, infection, and neurodegenerative diseases. This is a …

The nervous system is a crucial part of the human body that is damaged by traumatic injury,
stroke, and neurodegenerative diseases. Recent studies also have shown that …

The term extracellular vesicles (EVs) refers to a variety of heterogeneous nanovesicles
secreted by almost all cell types, primarily for intercellular communication and maintaining …