Directed evolution aims to expedite the natural evolution process of biological molecules
and systems in a test tube through iterative rounds of gene diversifications and library …

Directed evolution has revolutionized biomolecular engineering by applying cycles of
mutation, amplification and selection to genes of interest (GOIs). However, classical directed …

Continuous evolution can generate biomolecules for synthetic biology and enable
evolutionary investigation. The orthogonal DNA replication system (OrthoRep) in yeast can …

Metabolic engineering aims to develop efficient cell factories by rewiring cellular
metabolism. As one of the most commonly used cell factories, Saccharomyces cerevisiae …

Metabolic engineering allows development of microbial strains efficiently producing
chemicals and materials, but it requires much time, effort, and cost to make the strains …

Directed evolution is a powerful approach for engineering biomolecules and understanding
adaptation. However, experimental strategies for directed evolution are notoriously labor …

Precise control over microbial cell growth conditions could enable detection of minute
phenotypic changes, which would improve our understanding of how genotypes are shaped …

Evolution occurs when selective pressures from the environment shape inherited variation
over time. Within the laboratory, evolution is commonly used to engineer proteins and RNA …

The recent start-up of several full-scale 'second generation'ethanol plants marks a major
milestone in the development of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains for fermentation of …

Laboratory time scale evolution in vivo relies on the generation of large, mutationally diverse
gene libraries to rapidly explore biomolecule sequence landscapes. Traditional global …