Viruses infecting vertebrate hosts must overcome the interferon (IFN)-mediated antiviral
response to replicate and propagate to new hosts. The complex regulation of the IFN …

Gammaherpesviruses are lymphotropic viruses that are associated with the development of
lymphoproliferative diseases, lymphomas, as well as other nonlymphoid cancers. Most …

Invading viral DNA can be recognized by the host cytosolic DNA sensor, cyclic GMP-AMP
(cGAMP) synthase (cGAS), resulting in production of the second messenger cGAMP, which …

Host resistance to viral infection requires type I (α/β) and II (γ) interferon (IFN) production.
Another important defense mechanism is the degradative activity of macroautophagy (herein …

Antiviral responses of interferons (IFNs) are crucial in the host immune response, playing a
relevant role in controlling viralw infections. Three types of IFNs, type I (IFN-α, IFN-β), II (IFN …

We have found that dengue virus (DENV) not only uses preexisting enhancing antibodies to
promote its entry into Fc receptor-bearing cells but also exploits enhancing antibodies for …

Herpes virions consist of four morphologically distinct structures, a DNA core, capsid,
tegument, and envelope. Tegument occupies the space between the nucleocapsid (capsid …

Innate immune mechanisms initiate immune responses via pattern-recognition receptors
(PRRs). Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), a member of the PRRs, senses diverse …

Abstract According to World Health Organization estimates, infectious organisms are
responsible for approximately one in four deaths worldwide. Animal models play an …

Abstract Cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) is an intracellular sensor of
cytoplasmic viral DNA created during virus infection, which subsequently activates the …