Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs)
are chronic inflammatory diseases of mucosal tissues that affect the respiratory and …

A genetic contribution to develop chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is well
established. However, the specific genes responsible for enhanced risk or host differences …

Toll like receptors (TLRs) play a crucial role in regulation of innate as well as adaptive
immunity. TLRs recognize a distinct but limited repertoire of conserved microbial products …

While blocking inflammation is an effective way to ease the symptoms of gout disease in
humans, the treatment and prevention of gout in goslings infected with goose astrovirus …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) participate in the defence against bacterial infections that are
common in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). We studied all …

Infectious complications continue to be one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in
patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Several single-nucleotide polymorphisms …

Upon the invasion of the host by microorganisms, innate immunity is triggered through
pathogen recognition by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are …

Tobacco smoking has been considered the most important risk factor for chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD) development. However, not all smokers develop COPD and …

Background Dysfunctional innate responses of alveolar macrophages to nontypeable
Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis and Streptococcus pneumoniae contribute to …

Abstract Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) signaling plays a critical role in orchestrating the innate
immune response and the development of sepsis and subsequent organ dysfunction after …