Answer questions and earn CME/CNE Over the last decade, the use of electronic nicotine
delivery systems (ENDS), including the electronic cigarette or e‐cigarette, has grown rapidly …

Carbon monoxide (CO) testing is considered an easy, noninvasive, and objective
contribution to the assessment of smoking behavior, as CO is rapidly absorbed into the …

Abstract Background and Aims Clinical trials on the impact and safety of reduced nicotine
content cigarettes (RNCs) are ongoing, and an important methodological concern is …

Deposit contracting may reduce costs and increase efficacy in contingency management
interventions. We evaluated two Internet‐based deposit contract arrangements for smoking …

Aims To screen promising intervention components designed to reduce smoking and
promote abstinence in smokers initially unwilling to quit. Design A balanced, four‐factor …

Aims To test whether, in comparison to usual care, brief motivational or reduction
interventions increase quit attempts (QA) or abstinence among smokers who are not ready …

The current research developed and tested a novel training strategy to alter the implicit
associations between alternative behaviors to smoking and negative affect, and explored its …

Background Experimental research on pictorial warning labels for cigarettes has primarily
examined immediate intentions to quit. Purpose Here, we present the results of a clinical trial …

Introduction Reducing cigarettes per day (CPD) aided by medication increases quit attempts
(QA) among smokers not trying to quit. If this is due to reducing CPD per se, then a greater …

Background The effects of smoking reduction on the incidence of lung cancer in patients
with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are not well known. This study aimed to …