Optogenetics ushered in a revolution in how neuroscientists interrogate brain function.
Because of technical limitations, the majority of optogenetic studies have used low spatial …

Fluorescence imaging has made tremendous inroads toward understanding the complexity
of biological systems, but in vivo deep-tissue imaging remains a great challenge due to the …

Two-photon microscopy has enabled high-resolution imaging of neuroactivity at depth within
scattering brain tissue. However, its various realizations have not overcome the tradeoffs …

Genetically encoded dopamine sensors based on green fluorescent protein (GFP) enable
high-resolution imaging of dopamine dynamics in behaving animals. However, these GFP …

Recent progress in fluorescence imaging allows neuroscientists to observe the dynamics of
thousands of individual neurons, identified genetically or by their connectivity, across …

Genetically encoded voltage indicators (GEVIs) hold immense potential for monitoring
neuronal population activity. To date, best-in-class GEVIs rely on one-photon excitation …

The actions of neuromodulation are thought to mediate the ability of the mammalian brain to
dynamically adjust its functional state in response to changes in the environment. Altered …

Dendrites have always fascinated researchers: from the artistic drawings by Ramon y Cajal
to the beautiful recordings of today, neuroscientists have been striving to unravel the …

The fluorescent glutamate indicator iGluSnFR enables imaging of neurotransmission with
genetic and molecular specificity. However, existing iGluSnFR variants exhibit low in vivo …

A detailed understanding of the function of neural networks and how they are supported by a
dynamic vascular system requires fast three-dimensional imaging in thick tissues. Here we …