Interactive activation and competition models (IAMs) cannot only account for behavioral data
from implicit memory tasks, but also for brain data. We start by a discussion of standards for …

Cognitive effort is reflected in pupil dilation, but the assessment of pupil size is potentially
susceptible to changes in gaze position. This study exemplarily used sentence reading as a …

Reading is not only “cold” information processing, but involves affective and aesthetic
processes that go far beyond what current models of word recognition, sentence processing …

The main diagnostic criterion for developmental dyslexia (DD) in transparent orthographies
is a remarkable reading speed deficit, which is often accompanied by spelling difficulties …

Manipulations of either discrete emotions (eg happiness) or affective dimensions (eg
positivity) have a long tradition in emotion research, but interactive effects have never been …

Reading typically involves phonological mediation, especially for transparent orthographies
with a regular letter to sound correspondence. In this study we ask whether phonological …

Phonological access is an important component in theories and models of word reading.
However, phonological regularity and consistency effects are not clearly separable in …

Written language is very important in daily life. However, most deaf people do not achieve
good reading levels compared to their hearing peers. Previous research has mainly focused …

Many theories of visual word processing assume obligatory semantic access and
phonological recoding whenever a written word is encountered. However, the relative …

This event-related potential (ERP) study aimed to examine at which point in the stream of
four cognitive processes of word reading impairment occurs in dyslexic adults. Fourteen …