The chemical composition of cometary ices provides clues for the conditions of formation
and evolution of the early Solar System. A large number of molecules have been identified …

This review presents our understanding of cometary dust at the end of 2017. For decades,
insight about the dust ejected by nuclei of comets had stemmed from remote observations …

Cometary ices are rich in CO2, CO and organic volatile compounds, but the carbon content
of cometary dust was only measured for the Oort Cloud comet 1P/Halley, during its flyby in …

INTRODUCTION Comets and asteroids preserve information on the earliest stages of Solar
System formation and on the composition of its building blocks. The nature of their solid …

The processes that led to the formation of the planetary bodies in the Solar system are still
not fully understood. Using the results obtained with the comprehensive suite of instruments …

The ESA Rosetta spacecraft followed comet 67P at a close distance for more than 2 yr. In
addition, it deployed the lander Philae on to the surface of the comet. The (surface) …

Cometary comae are generally depleted in nitrogen. The main carriers for volatile nitrogen
in comets are NH3 and HCN. It is known that ammonia readily combines with many acids …

Solar System small bodies were the first objects to accrete inside the protoplanetary disk,
giving insights into its composition and structure. The P-/D-type asteroids are particularly …

This chapter reviews the estimates of the dust-to-gas and refractory-to-ice mass ratios
derived from Rosetta measurements in the lost materials and the nucleus of 67P/Churyumov …

The detection of molecules on the coldest and outermost objects in our Solar System has
long been limited by the terrestrial atmosphere and sensitivity of the available …