The key players of the chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorders (CKD-MBD) are
calcium, phosphate, PTH, FGF23, and the vitamin D hormonal system. The progressive …

Hyperparathyroidism is due to increased activity of the parathyroid glands, either from an
intrinsic abnormal change altering excretion of parathyroid hormone (primary or tertiary …

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease as a public health problem. Chronic kidney disease is
a worldwide public health problem. In the United States, there is a rising incidence and …

Disturbances in mineral and bone metabolism are prevalent in chronic kidney disease
(CKD) and are an important cause of morbidity, decreased quality of life, and extraskeletal …

Background The management of chronic kidney disease–mineral and bone disorder
requires the assessment of bone turnover, which most often is based on parathyroid …

Disturbances in mineral and bone metabolism are common in patients with CKD. A large
body of evidence indicates that these derangements are associated with increased mortality …

To study the complications of renal osteodystrophy in patients with end-stage renal disease,
we reviewed the incidence of hip fractures in our outpatient dialysis population from 1988 to …

The four parathyroid glands, through the secretion of parathyroid hormone, regulate serum
calcium concentrations and bone metabolism. 1 In turn, serum calcium concentrations …

Renal osteodystrophy occurs early during loss of kidney function. There are 26 million
American patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and almost all patients with CKD …

Knowing a person's fracture risk according to their kidney function, gender, and age may
influence clinical management and decision-making. Using healthcare databases from …