Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents approximately 10% of all cancers and is the second
most common cause of cancer deaths. Initial clinical presentation as metastatic CRC …

Antibodies targeting programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) or its ligand PD-L1 rescue T
cells from exhausted status and revive immune response against cancer cells. Based on the …

Background Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiation followed by surgical resection of the
rectum is a standard treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer. A subset of rectal cancer is …

Microorganisms within the gut and other niches may contribute to carcinogenesis, as well as
shaping cancer immunosurveillance and response to immunotherapy. Our understanding of …

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are recently implicated in modifying immunology in
colorectal cancer (CRC). Nevertheless, the clinical significance of immune-related lncRNAs …

Cancer immunity, and the potential for cancer immunotherapy, have been topics of scientific
discussion and experimentation for over a hundred years. Several successful cancer …

PURPOSE Nivolumab received US Food and Drug Administration approval as a single
agent or in combination with ipilimumab in patients with microsatellite instability …

DNA mismatch repair-deficient (MMR-d) cancers present an abundance of neoantigens that
is thought to explain their exceptional responsiveness to immune checkpoint blockade …

Immune responses to cancer are highly variable, with mismatch repair-deficient (MMRd)
tumors exhibiting more anti-tumor immunity than mismatch repair-proficient (MMRp) tumors …

Importance Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cause of cancer mortality
worldwide with more than 1.85 million cases and 850 000 deaths annually. Of new …