Fourteen years have passed since nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) was first shown to serve as a
molecular lynchpin that links persistent infections and chronic inflammation to increased …

Chemotherapy is a well-known and effective treatment for different cancers; unfortunately, it
has not been as efficient in the eradication of all cancer cells as been expected. The …

The immune system is the most important protective physiological system of the organism. It
has many connections with other systems and is, in fact, often considered as part of the …

Ongoing research has revealed that the existence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) is one of the
biggest obstacles in the current cancer therapy. CSCs make an influential function in tumor …

Cancer is a group of cells that malignantly grow and proliferate uncontrollably. At present,
treatment modes for cancer mainly comprise surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy …

Mitochondria are organelles with a highly dynamic ultrastructure maintained by a delicate
equilibrium between its fission and fusion rates. Understanding the factors influencing this …

Escaping programmed cell death is a hallmark of cancer. NF-κB transcription factors are key
regulator of cell survival and aberrant NF-κB signaling has been involved in the …

Cellular senescence occurs in proliferating cells as a consequence of various triggers
including telomere shortening, DNA damage, and inappropriate expression of oncogenes …

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent a tumor subpopulation responsible for tumor metastasis
and resistance to chemo-and radiotherapy, ultimately leading to tumor relapse. As a …

Nanotechnology has enabled the development of innovative therapeutics, diagnostics, and
drug delivery systems. Nanoparticles (NPs) can influence gene expression, protein …