This article examines the complex Ginzburg–Landau equation with the beta time derivative
and analyze its optical solitons and other solutions in the appearance of a detuning factor in …

The propagation of optical solitons via nonlinear metamaterials with cubic-quintic
nonlinearity, detuning intermodal dispersion, self steepening effect, and nonlinear third and …

In this paper, a more general form of unstable nonlinear Schrödinger equation which
describe the time evolution of disturbances in marginally stable or unstable media is studied …

We introduce optical soliton solutions of the Kundu–Mukherjee–Naskar (KMN) equation by
using the Sardar subequation (SSM) and the new Kudryashov methods (nKM). The KMN …

The fourth-order nonlinear Boussinesq water wave equation, which explains the
propagation of long waves in shallow water, is explored in this article. We used the Lie …

The sub-equation method is implemented to construct exact solutions for the conformable
perturbed nonlinear Schrödinger equation. In this paper, we consider three different types of …

We analytically study the exact solitary wave solutions of the perturbed nonlinear Biswas–
Milovic equation with Kudryashov's law of refractive index, which describes the propagation …

Modelling the movement of waves and the propagation of waves is extremely important in
the field of fluid dynamics. All types of waves phenomena are very important in real-life …

This paper investigates a diverse collection of exact solutions to a high-order nonlinear
Schrödinger equation, called the Sasa-Satsuma equation. These results are obtained for …

The diverse patterns of waves on the oceans yielded by the Kadomtsev Petviashvili-
modified equal width (KP-mEW) equation are highlighted in this paper. Two recent …