Abstract Context. In 2006, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) released a
draft Guidance for Industry on the use of patient-reported outcomes (PRO) Measures in …

Although gender differences in substance use disorders have been identified, few studies
have examined gender differences in prescription drug dependence. The aim of this study …

Pain is common among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), but little is known about
chronic pain in socioeconomically disadvantaged HIV-infected populations with high rates of …

Objective This review focuses on the relationship among depression, anxiety, and pain
during pregnancy and postpartum. We will first review common clinical screening tools for …

The risk for misuse of opioid medications is a significant challenge in the management of
chronic pain. The identification of those who may be at greater risk for misusing opioids is …

Objective To evaluate the short-term and long-term effects of plant-based medical cannabis
in a chronic pain population over the course of one year. Design A longitudinal, prospective …

Abstract The Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) is a widely used pain measurement tool. There are 2
versions, the BPI Long Form (BPI‐LF) and Short Form (BPI‐SF), which share 2 core scales …

Background Cardiac surgery is a common intervention that involves several pain-sensitive
structures, and intense postoperative pain is a predictor of persistent pain. Aims To describe …

Background: Chronic pain is a complication of several surgical procedures. The prevalence
of chronic pain reported after cardiac surgery varies from 18% to 61%. However, most …

Background Pain is a cardinal symptom of osteoarthritis (OA) of the hip and important for
deciding when to operate. This study assessed the internal consistency reliability, validity …