Entry of bacteria into host cells is an important virulence mechanism. Through peptidoglycan
recognition, the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD) proteins NOD1 and …

NOD1 and NOD2 are related intracellular sensors of bacterial peptidoglycan and belong to
the Nod-like receptor (NLR) family of innate immune proteins that play fundamental and …

Despite our efforts to halt the increase and spread of antimicrobial resistance, bacteria
continue to become less susceptible to antimicrobial drugs over time, and rates of discovery …

Sensing intracellular pathogens is a process mediated by innate immune cells that is crucial
for the induction of inflammatory processes and effective adaptive immune responses …

Sequence variants at or near the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) locus have been
associated with susceptibility to three human conditions: Parkinson's disease (PD), Crohn's …

Our innate immune system distinguishes microbes from self by detecting conserved
pathogen-associated molecular patterns. However, these are produced by all microbes …

NOD1 {nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1; NLRC [NOD-LRR (leucine-rich repeat)
family with CARD (caspase recruitment domain) 1]} and NOD2 (NLRC2) are among the …

Host cells use antimicrobial proteins, pathogen-restrictive compartmentalization and cell
death in their defence against intracellular pathogens. Recent work has revealed that four …

The intestine is host to a diverse bacterial community whose structure, at the phylum level, is
maintained through unknown mechanisms. Acute inflammation triggered by enteric …

Disruption of the microbiota–gut–brain axis results in a wide range of pathologies that are
affected, from the brain to the intestine. Gut hormones released by enteroendocrine cells to …