Assembly-line polyketide synthases (PKSs) are among the most complex protein
machineries known in nature, responsible for the biosynthesis of numerous compounds …

The rich diversity of secondary metabolites produced by soil bacteria has been appreciated
for over a century, and advances in chemical analysis and genome sequencing continue to …

Many thousands of small molecule natural products with interesting biological activities are
polyketides (PK), nonribosomal peptides (NRP), or hybrids thereof (ie, PK-NRP hybrids) …

Actinobacteria constitute one of the largest phyla among Bacteria and represent gram-
positive bacteria with a high G+ C content in their DNA. This bacterial group includes …

Covering: up to 2013 Although holo-acyl carrier protein synthase, AcpS, a
phosphopantetheinyl transferase (PPTase), was characterized in the 1960s, it was not until …

Horizontal gene transfer is an important mechanism for the evolution of microbial genomes.
Pathogenicity islands—mobile genetic elements that contribute to rapid changes in …

Covering: up to 2012 With the recent structural characterization of each of the component
enzymes of type I polyketide synthases, scientists are coming tantalizingly close to …

The modular polyketide synthases (PKSs) and nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs)
are among the largest and most complicated enzymes in nature. In these biosynthetic …

Mycobacterium marinum, a ubiquitous pathogen of fish and amphibia, is a near relative of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiologic agent of tuberculosis in humans. The genome of …

Buruli ulcer is a neglected emerging disease that has recently been reported in some
countries as the second most frequent mycobacterial disease in humans after tuberculosis …