Type I and type II interferons (IFN) are central to both combating virus infection and
modulating the antiviral immune response. Indeed, an absence of either the receptor for type …

Despite the recent increase in the development of antivirals and antibiotics, antimicrobial
resistance and the lack of broad-spectrum virus-targeting drugs are still important issues and …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) human adaptation resulted
in distinct lineages with enhanced transmissibility called variants of concern (VOCs) …

Summary SARS-CoV-2-induced hypercytokinemia and inflammation are critically
associated with COVID-19 severity. Baricitinib, a clinically approved JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor, is …

The success of immune checkpoint blockade in patients with a wide variety of malignancies
has changed the treatment paradigm in oncology. However, combination therapies with …

Therapeutic blocking of the PD1 pathway results in significant tumor responses, but
resistance is common. We demonstrate that prolonged interferon signaling orchestrates …

Highly pathogenic human respiratory coronaviruses cause acute lethal disease
characterized by exuberant inflammatory responses and lung damage. However, the factors …

Astrocytes have important roles in the central nervous system (CNS) during health and
disease. Through genome-wide analyses we detected a transcriptional response to type I …

In chronic infections and cancer, T cells are exposed to persistent antigen and/or
inflammatory signals. This scenario is often associated with the deterioration of T cell …

Exhausted CD8 T (Tex) cells are a distinct cell lineage that arise during chronic infections
and cancers in animal models and humans. Tex cells are characterized by progressive loss …