Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced by living cells as normal cellular metabolic
byproduct. Under excessive stress conditions, cells will produce numerous ROS, and the …

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is the most potent pro-fibrogenic cytokine and its
expression is increased in almost all of fibrotic diseases. Although signaling through Smad …

Metastasis is the major driver of death in patients with cancer. Invasion of surrounding
tissues and metastasis have been proposed to initiate following loss of the intercellular …

Our incomplete understanding of osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis has significantly hindered
the development of disease-modifying therapy. The functional relationship between …

Paraquat (PQ) is a cheap and an effective herbicide, which is widely being used worldwide
to remove weeds in cultivated crop fields. However, it can cause soil and water pollution …

Oxidative stress is implicated as an important molecular mechanism underlying fibrosis in a
variety of organs, including the lungs. However, the causal role of reactive oxygen species …

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have found a variety of uses including biomedical materials;
however, studies of the cytotoxicity of AgNPs by size effects are only in the beginning stage …

A wide array of chronic inflammatory conditions predispose susceptible cells to neoplastic
transformation. In general, the longer the inflammation persists, the higher the risk of cancer …

During apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane permeability (MMP) increases and the release
into the cytosol of pro-apoptotic factors (procaspases, caspase activators and caspase …

Providing a comprehensive review of reactions of oxidation for different classes of organic
compounds and polymers, and biological processes mediated by free radicals, Oxidation …