Reading is a highly complex skill that is prerequisite to success in many societies in which a
great deal of information is communicated in written form. Since the 1970s, much has been …

The frequency with which words are used has long been known to influence performance in
reading tasks. Such effects are robust, often large, and sufficiently universal that no serious …

In the present theoretical note we examine how different learning constraints, thought to be
involved in optimizing the mapping of print to meaning during reading acquisition, might …

Visual word identification requires readers to code the identity and order of the letters in a
word and match this code against previously learned codes. Current models of this lexical …

This is a classic edition of Geoffrey Beattie's and Andrew Ellis' influential introduction to the
psychology of human language and communication, now including a new reflective …

Form-priming occurs when a prime that is graphemically similar to the target word facilitates
processing of the target. In an activation model (such as Morton's logogen model), such an …

Four experiments investigated the conjoint effects of word frequency and neighborhood size
on performance in lexical decision, word naming, and delayed naming tasks. Neighborhood …

This paper reviews recent research on the effects of orthographic neighbors on visual word
recognition in order to resolve apparently contradictory findings. The review reveals that the …

Nonwords created by transposing two adjacent letters (ie, transposed-letter (TL) nonwords
like jugde) are very effective at activating the lexical representation of their base words. This …

Six experiments are reported that contrasted the effects of frequency and age of acquisition
on written word recognition. Age of acquisition affected word-naming speed when frequency …