Earth's origins are challenging to elucidate, given the lack of surviving terrestrial geology
from the first 500 Myr of the Solar System. In this Review, we discuss breakthroughs in …

The planetary building blocks that formed in the terrestrial planet region were likely very dry,
yet water is comparatively abundant on Earth. Here we review the various mechanisms …

The distributions of major and minor elements in Earth's core and mantle were primarily
established by high pressure, high temperature metal–silicate partitioning during core …

Many dynamical aspects of the solar system can be explained by the outer planets
experiencing a period of orbital instability sometimes called the Nice Model. Though often …

Building the terrestrial planets has been a challenge for planet formation models. In
particular, classical theories have been unable to reproduce the small mass of Mars and …

Geochemical evidence suggests that the material accreted by the Earth did not change in
nature during Earth's accretion, presumably because the inner protoplanetary disc had …

The late stages of terrestrial planet formation are dominated by giant impacts that collectively
influence the growth, composition, and habitability of any planets that form. Hitherto …

The statistics of extrasolar planetary systems indicate that the default mode of planet
formation generates planets with orbital periods shorter than 100 days and masses …

Abstract Reproducing the large Earth/Mars mass ratio requires a strong mass depletion in
solids within the protoplanetary disc between 1 and 3 au. The Grand Tack model invokes a …

Comets are considered a potential source of inner solar system volatiles, but the timing of
this delivery relative to that of Earth's accretion is still poorly understood. Measurements of …