The tumour necrosis factor (TNF) family members B cell activating factor (BAFF) and APRIL
(a proliferation-inducing ligand) are crucial survival factors for peripheral B cells. An excess …

B cells are typically characterized by their ability to produce Abs, including autoantibodies.
However, B cells possess additional immune functions, including the production of cytokines …

The immune system contains natural regulatory cells important in the maintenance of
tolerance. Although this suppressive function is usually attributed to CD4 regulatory T cells …

Human marginal zone (MZ) B cells are, in a sense, a new entity. Although they share many
properties with their mouse counterpart, they also display striking differences, such as the …

The cytokine TNF family member B cell-activating factor (BAFF; also termed BLyS) is
essential for B cell generation and maintenance. Three receptors have been identified that …

B cells require signals from multiple sources for their development from precursor cells, and
differentiation into effector cells. BAFF has been identified as a critical regulator of B cell …

B cell homeostasis is maintained by a balance between the continual generation of new
cells and their elimination. Here we show proapoptotic BCL-2 family members BAX and BAK …

X-linked lymphoproliferative disease (XLP) is a severe immunodeficiency associated with a
marked reduction in circulating memory B cells. Our investigation of the B cell compartment …

Invasive pneumococcal infection is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV-1-
infected individuals. B cells play an important role in maintaining serologic memory after …

Transitional B cells have been recently identified in human peripheral blood. However, their
precise role in human B cell differentiation has not been established. Therefore, besides …