Abstract The MAss Spectrometer for Planetary EXploration (MASPEX) is a high-mass-
resolution, high-sensitivity, multi-bounce time-of-flight mass spectrometer (MBTOF) capable …

Jupiter's icy moon, Europa, harbors a subsurface liquid water ocean; the prospect of this
ocean being habitable motivates further exploration of the moon with the upcoming NASA …

Jupiter's moon Europa has a subsurface ocean beneath an icy crust. Conditions within the
ocean are unknown, and it is unclear whether it is connected to the surface. We observed …

Jupiter's moon Europa has a subsurface ocean, the chemistry of which is largely unknown.
Carbon dioxide (CO2) has previously been detected on the surface of Europa, but it was not …

The five large moons of Uranus are important targets for future spacecraft missions. To
motivate and inform the exploration of these moons, we model their internal evolution …

The habitability of Europa is a property within a system, which is driven by a multitude of
physical and chemical processes and is defined by many interdependent parameters, so …

Europa's ocean lies atop an interior made of metal and silicates. On the basis of gravity data
from the Galileo mission, many argued that Europa's interior, like Earth, is differentiated into …

Sodium chloride is expected to be found on many of the surfaces of icy moons like Europa
and Ganymede. However, spectral identification remains elusive as the known NaCl …

The surface of Ganymede exhibits diversity in composition, interpreted as indicative of
geological age differences between dark and bright terrains. Observations from Galileo and …

Impacts into icy bodies often generate near‐surface melt chambers and thermal
perturbations that soften the ice. We explore the post‐impact evolution of non‐penetrating …