Intermittent water supplies (IWS), in which water is provided through pipes for only limited
durations, serve at least 300 million people around the world. However, providing water …

Intermittent Water Supply (IWS) is prevalent in most developing countries. Specifically, in
India, IWS is existent throughout the country. Many studies focus on documenting the effects …

Water quality assessment at the watershed scale requires not only an investigation of water
pollution and the recognition of main pollution factors, but also the identification of polluted …

The reliability of the water distribution system is critical to maintaining a secure supply for the
population, industry and agriculture, so there is a need for proactive maintenance to help …

Drinking water distribution systems throughout the world supply water intermittently, leaving
pipes without pressure between supply cycles. Understanding the multiple mechanisms that …

Centralized water distribution in developing countries continues to be fraught with great
difficulties. One major deficiency is the intermittent distribution of water. Most distribution …

Urban water supply systems (UWSS) are generally composed of water sources,
transmission pipes, treatment plants, and distribution networks from source to tap and …

The varieties of water-borne disease are caused by pathogens transmitted and spread by
different routes. The spread of such infection increases while the water quality affected by …

Regional eco-security assessment is an intricate, challenging task. In previous studies, the
integration of eco-environmental models and geographical information systems (GIS) …

Faced with extended periods of drought and short supply of water, arid-weather countries
have turned to intermittent water supply (IWS) as a means to reduce water consumption and …