Age-related cognitive changes often include difficulties in retrieving memories, particularly
those that rely on personal experiences within their temporal and spatial contexts (ie …

In this article we develop the concept that the hippocampus and the midbrain dopaminergic
neurons of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) form a functional loop. Activation of the loop …

Individual differences in cognitive performance increase with advancing age, reflecting
marked cognitive changes in some individuals along with little or no change in others …

The brain neuronal systems defined by the neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) have since long
a recognized role in the regulation of motor functions. More recently, converging evidence …

BACKGROUND: Cognitive endophenotypes may further our understanding of the genetic
basis of psychiatric disorders, and the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene is a …

The important contribution of genetic factors to the development of cognition and intelligence
is widely acknowledged, but identification of these genes has proven to be difficult. Given a …

Observational studies have suggested that psychometric psychosis liability and a functional
polymorphism in the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT Val 158 Met) gene moderate the …

Individual differences in cognitive performance increase from early to late adulthood, likely
reflecting influences of a multitude of factors. We hypothesize that losses in neurochemical …

We demonstrate that common genetic polymorphisms contribute to the increasing
heterogeneity of cognitive functioning in old age. We assess two common Val/Met …

Prefrontal cortical dopamine (DA) regulates various executive cognitive functions, including
attention and working memory. Efforts to enhance prefrontal-related cognition, which have …