Insect guts present distinctive environments for microbial colonization, and bacteria in the
gut potentially provide many beneficial services to their hosts. Insects display a wide range …

5.!. Trypsins 5.2. Chymotrypsins 5.3. Cysteine proteinases 5.4. Aspartic proteinases 5.5.
Miscellaneous proteinases 5.6. Aminopeptidases 5.7. Carboxypeptidases 5.8. Dipeptidases …

Human utilization of the mulberry–silkworm interaction started at least 5,000 years ago and
greatly influenced world history through the Silk Road. Complementing the silkworm …

▪ Abstract Formed of proteins, glycoproteins, and chitin microfibrils in a proteoglycan matrix,
the peritrophic matrix (PM) separates the food from the midgut epithelium in most but not all …

The peritrophic matrix (PM) is a chitin and glycoprotein layer that lines the invertebrate
midgut. Although structurally different, it is functionally similar to the mucous secretions of the …

Plants and herbivores have been co-evolving for thousands of years, and as a result, plants
have defence mechanisms that offer protection against many herbivores such as …

There is aa fluid (peritrophic gel) or membranous (peritrophic membrane, PM) film
surrounding the food bolus in most insects. The PM is composed of chitin and proteins, of …

The peritrophic matrix (or peritrophic membrane) lines the gut of most insects at one or more
stages of the life cycle. It has important roles in the facilitation of the digestive processes in …

Larval house flies, Musca domestica (L.), nutritionally require live bacteria; therefore, all
stadia are associated with microbe-rich environments. Larvae live among and ingest …

Three distinct digestive protease activities, with strongly alkaline pH optima, were identified
in the gut of tomato moth (Lacanobia oleracea) larvae, and characterised using specific …