This narrative review provides a broad perspective on immature control of breathing, which
is universal in infants born premature. The degree of immaturity and severity of clinical …

Caffeine citrate is the drug of choice for the pharmacological treatment of apnea of
prematurity. Factors such as maturity and genetic variation contribute to the interindividual …

Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) care pathways evolve slowly as new evidence
emerges. We report the sixth version of “European Guidelines for the Management of RDS” …

Background Very preterm infants often require respiratory support and are therefore
exposed to an increased risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (chronic lung disease) and …

Caffeine is the globally consumed psychoactive substance and the drug of choice for the
treatment of apnea of prematurity (AOP), but its therapeutic effects are highly variable among …

Germinal matrix-intraventricular hemorrhage (GM-IVH) is the most frequent intracranial
hemorrhage in the preterm infant (PT). Long-term GM-IVH-associated sequelae include …

Aim To understand the variations in practice for caffeine use among neonatal units in the
United Kingdom. Methods An online survey was sent to every neonatal unit in the United …

Background Caffeine is available in an ampoule, used via parenteral and enteral routes in
preterm neonates to treat apnea of prematurity (AOP) in neonates of gestational age≥ 35 …

Objectives: Caffeine has been shown to reduce the incidence of bronchopulmonary
dysplasia (BPD). To investigate the protective mechanism of caffeine in a hyperoxia-based …

Current standard-dose caffeine therapy results in significant intersubject variability. The aims
of this study were to develop and evaluate population pharmacokinetic (PPK) models of …