Pre-existing cross-reactive immune responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) proteins in infection-naive subjects have been described by …

Background Duration of humoral and cellular memory in children previously infected SARS-
CoV-2 or vaccinated and subsequent risk of reinfection is still not fully elucidated. Methods …

Pronounced immune escape by the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant has resulted in many
individuals possessing hybrid immunity, generated through a combination of vaccination …

The Omicron sub-lineages BA. 4 and BA. 5, identified in South Africa in early 2022, 1 were
first detected in England in April 2022. 2 A case surge followed despite England having …

Summary Background Since early 2022, Omicron BA. 1 has been eclipsed by BA. 2, which
was in turn outcompeted by BA. 5, which displays enhanced antibody escape properties …

Studies have reported reduced natural SARS-CoV-2 infection-and vaccine-induced
neutralization against Omicron BA. 4/BA. 5 compared with earlier Omicron subvariants. We …

The Omicron sub-lineages BA. 4 and BA. 5 were first detected in England in April 2022. A
case surge followed despite England having recently experienced waves with BA. 1 and BA …

Purpose Despite the need to generate valid and reliable estimates of protection levels
against SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe course of COVID-19 for the German population in …

Globally, the number of new weekly cases remained stable during the week of 12 to 18
September 2022 as compared to the previous week, with over 3.2 million new cases …

Both infection and vaccination, alone or in combination, generate antibody and T cell
responses against SARS-CoV-2. However, the maintenance of such responses–and hence …