The theory of deliberative democracy is here furthered in terms of three images that locate its
essence in respectively a single forum, a deliberative system, and an encompassing polity …

This article introduces and develops the concept of 'communicative plenty'to capture the
implications of the increasing volume of communication, both online and face-to-face, in …

The functioning of representative democracy crucially depends on political parties that
mediate between citizens and the state. It is widely doubted, however, that contemporary …

Legislative debates are a thriving field in comparative politics. They make representation
work by offering legislators the opportunity to take the floor and represent their constituents …

Though commanding a prominent role in political theory, deliberative democracy has also
become a mainstay of myriad other research traditions in recent years. This diffusion has …

In an evolving deliberative system, a crucial question is how deliberation of ordinary citizens
differs from that of professional politicians. This study compares the deliberative capacity of …

The most common participatory institution has been insufficiently analysed: associationally
based institutions often exist at any government level (from the neighbourhood to the state) …

The characteristics of participatory institutions can be articulated in three main dimensions:
input, process and output. The common assumption is that a dependency relationship exists …

In recent years, deliberative democracy has drawn attention as a potential way of fighting
polarization. Allowing citizens to exchange arguments and viewpoints on political issues in …