Vitiligo is a common chronic acquired disease of pigmentation whose etiology is unknown,
which usually occurs with asymptomatic whitish patch or macule. Although several …

Western countries are seeing a constant decline in the incidence of Helicobacter pylori-
associated gastritis, coupled with a rising epidemiological and clinical impact of autoimmune …

Chronic autoimmune atrophic gastritis (CAAG) is an organ-specific autoimmune disease,
which affects the corpus–fundus gastric mucosa. Although it has been described for several …

At present there is no universally accepted classification for gastritis. The first successful
classification (The Sydney System) that is still commonly used by medical professionals was …

Most of the autoimmune endocrine disorders appear initially as infiltration of the gland by
lymphocytes and macrophages. This may lead to destruction and atrophy of the gland with …

Vitamin D is a secosteroid hormone that is highly involved in bone health. Mounting
evidence revealed that, in addition to the regulation of mineral metabolism, vitamin D is …

Autoimmune diseases, characterized by an alteration of the immune system which results in
a loss of tolerance to self antigens often coexist in the same patient. Autoimmune atrophic …

Autoimmune disorders derive from genetic, stochastic, and environmental factors that all
together interact in genetically predisposed individuals. The impact of an imbalanced gut …

Ethnopharmacological relevance Vitiligo is a depigmentation disorder, which results in
substantial cosmetic disfigurement and poses a detriment to patients' physical as well as …

Vitiligo is a common depigmentation disorder of an unknown origin characterized by the
selective loss of melanocytes, resulting in typical white macules and patches. However …