Emerging technologies present many new possibilities for diversifying the desalination
industry, which is currently dominated by thermal desalination, and reverse osmosis. In this …

Clean and safe water is a fundamental human need for multi-faceted development of society
and a thriving economy. Brisk rises in populations, expanding industrialization, urbanization …

Capacitive deionization (CDI) is an energy-efficient desalination technique. However, the
maximum desalination capacity of conventional carbon-based CDI systems is approximately …

Reverse osmosis (RO) membranes are widely employed due to their inherent advantage of
achieving excellent water permeation rates and high salt rejection. However, fouling is a …

Capacitive deionization (CDI) is considered to be one of the most promising technologies for
the desalination of brackish water with low to medium salinity. In practical applications …

Liquid–vapour phase change is a useful and efficient process to transfer energy in nature,
as well as in numerous domestic and industrial applications. Relatively recent advances in …

Water purification for human use, ecosystem management, agriculture, and industry is
emerging as a leading global priority. Access to sufficient clean water ultimately requires …

Efficient desalination of water continues to be a problem facing the society. Advances in
nanotechnology have led to the development of a variety of nanoporous membranes for …

Lack of water resources and water pollution by heavy metal ions and microorganisms has
made it necessary to utilize efficient water treatment methods. In this study, for the first time …

The growing population rate and expansion of industrial sector are associated with climate
variation, which steered towards global water complications. The current review summarizes …