Rhythmic movements are produced by central pattern-generating networks whose output is
shaped by sensory and neuromodulatory inputs to allow the animal to adapt its movements …

In C. elegans, mutants that are defective in muscle function and/or structure are easy to
detect and analyze since: 1) body wall muscle is essential for locomotion, and 2) muscle …

This is the first of a projected series of canonic reviews covering all invertebrate muscle
literature prior to 2005 and covers muscle genes and proteins except those involved in …

Neuromodulation of motor circuits by extrinsic inputs provides enormous flexibility in the
production of behavior. Recent work has shown that neurons intrinsic to central pattern …

PROTEIN phosphorylation by protein kinases plays a central regulatory role in cellular
processes and these kinases are themselves tightly regulated1. One common mechanism of …

Ca 2+ signaling plays a central role in cardiac contractility and adaptation to increased
hemodynamic demand. We have generated mice with a targeted deletion of the S100A1 …

Among the annelids, earthworms are renowned for their phenomenal ability to regenerate
the lost segments. The adult earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae contains 120 segments and the …

We have been investigating a set of genes, collectively called mups, that are essential to
striated body wall muscle cell positioning in Caenorhabditis elegans. Here we report our …

“Catch” is a condition of prolonged, high-force maintenance at resting intracellular Ca2+
concentration ([Ca2+]) and very low energy usage, occurring in invertebrate smooth …

The sarcomere, the fundamental unit of muscle contraction, is a highly-ordered complex of
hundreds of proteins. Despite decades of genetics work, the functional relationships and the …