OBJECTIVE: Muscle tension dysphonia (MTD) is a clinical and diagnostic term describing a
spectrum of disturbed vocal fold behavior caused by increased tension of the (para) …

Functional dysphonia (FD) refers to a voice problem in the absence of a physical condition. It
is a multifaceted voice disorder. There is no consensus with regard to its definition and …

Purpose: Despite the high prevalence of primary muscle tension dysphonia (MTD-1), its
underlying mechanisms and their interrelationships have yet to be fully identified. The …

Summary Background and Objective The effects of presbyphonia are compounded by the
decline in respiratory function that occurs with age. Commonly recommended exercises to …

Interventions for preventing voice disorders in adults - Ruotsalainen, JH - 2007 | Cochrane
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Objectives Clinical voice disorders are heterogenous conditions capturing problems with
voice production and control. Psychological conceptualizations of voice disorders posit that …

Colour is commonly used as an initial proxy for the determination of botanical origin for
pollen pellets collected by honeybees. However, individuals with Colour Vision Deficiency …

Current research confirms that functional dysphonia is associated with multiple psychosocial
factors. However, these findings are shown to be true of other medically unexplained …

Objectives. Increased levels of fatigue and perfectionism were noted during evaluation of
cognitive behavioral therapy for the treatment of functional dysphonia. The investigators thus …

Children with nonorganic voice disorders (NVDs) are treated mainly using direct voice
therapy techniques such as the accent method or glottal attack changes and indirect …