The hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA axis) is required for stress adaptation.
Activation of the HPA axis causes secretion of glucocorticoids, which act on multiple organ …

The survival and well-being of all species requires appropriate physiological responses to
environmental and homeostatic challenges. The re-establishment and maintenance of …

Brain Corticosteroid Receptor Balance in Health and Disease* | Endocrine Reviews | Oxford
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Stress initiates adaptive processes that allow the organism to physiologically cope with
prolonged or intermittent exposure to real or perceived threats. A major component of this …

Limbic dysfunction and hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis dysregulation are
key features of affective disorders. The following review summarizes our current …

The hypothalamo‐pituitary‐adrenocortical (HPA) axis is responsible for initiation of
glucocorticoid stress responses in all vertebrate animals. Activation of the axis is regulated …

Retrospective studies in humans suggest that chronic maternal stress during pregnancy,
associated with raised plasma levels of CRH, ACTH and cortisol may increase the likelihood …

In the 15 years since the publication of two previous reviews on restraint stress much
advancement has been made in the field. However, while previous reviews have focused …

The purpose of this study was to describe and compare the circadian rhythm of body
temperature and cortisol, as well as self-reported clock times of sleep onset and offset on …

Stress necessitates an immediate engagement of multiple neural and endocrine systems.
However, exposure to a single stressor causes adaptive changes that modify responses to …