In this Series paper, we describe the frequency of, trends in, determinants of, and
inequalities in caesarean section (CS) use, globally, regionally, and in selected countries …

On the continuum of maternal health care, two extreme situations exist: too little, too late
(TLTL) and too much, too soon (TMTS). TLTL describes care with inadequate resources …

Problem Fear of childbirth negatively affects women during pregnancy and after birth. Aim
To summarise the findings of published studies regarding possible causes/predisposing …

Background Caesarean section (CS) rates continue to evoke worldwide concern because of
their steady increase, lack of consensus on the appropriate CS rate and the associated …

Abstract Background Fear of Childbirth (FOC) is a common problem affecting women's
health and wellbeing, and a common reason for requesting caesarean section. The aims of …

Background Universal and timely access to a caesarean section is a key requirement for
safe childbirth. We identified the burden of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity …

In 1985, WHO stated that there was no justification for caesarean section (CS) rates higher
than 10–15% at population-level. While the CS rates worldwide have continued to increase …

Background Variations in intervention rates, without subsequent reductions in adverse
outcomes, can indicate overuse. We studied variations in and associations between …

Objective To provide an update on economic related inequalities in caesarean section rates
within countries. Design Secondary analysis of demographic and health surveys and …

The eighty-ninth session of the Executive Board was held at WHO headquarters, Geneva,
from 20 to 28 January 1992. The proceedings are published in two volumes. The present …