The neurodevelopmental and dopamine hypotheses are leading theories of the
pathoetiology of schizophrenia, but they were developed in isolation. However, since they …

Chronic stress and depressive-like behaviors in basic neuroscience research have been
associated with impairments of neuroplasticity, such as neuronal atrophy and synaptic loss …

Stress is a primary risk factor for several neuropsychiatric disorders. Evidence from
preclinical models and clinical studies of depression have revealed an array of structural …

The mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology and treatment of depression and stress-
related disorders remain unclear, but studies in depressed patients and rodent models are …

Over the last five decades, a large body of evidence has accrued for structural and metabolic
brain alterations in schizophrenia. Here we provide an overview of these findings, focusing …

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) serves as the chief executive officer of the brain, controlling the
highest level cognitive and emotional processes. Its local circuits among glutamatergic …

INTRODUCTION Depression is an episodic form of mental illness, yet the circuit-level
mechanisms driving the induction, remission, and recurrence of depressive episodes over …

Synaptic loss and deficits in functional connectivity are hypothesized to contribute to
symptoms associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) and post-traumatic stress …

Rates of alcohol use disorder (AUD) have increased in women by 84% over the past ten
years relative to a 35% increase in men. This substantive increase in female drinking is …

A single subanesthetic dose of ketamine, an NMDA receptor (NMDAR) antagonist, produces
rapid and sustained antidepressant actions in depressed patients, addressing a major …