I. INTRODUCTION 1877 II. STUDYING THE... 1881 III. MICROBIOTA-GUT-BRAIN AXIS...
1907 IV. PATHWAYS OF COMMUNICATION 1911 V. MICROBIOTA AND SYNAPTIC... 1929 …

Research into the role of the gut microbiome in modulating brain function has rapidly
increased over the past 10 years, albeit chiefly in animal models. Increasing clinical and …

The gut microbiota–the trillions of bacteria that reside within the gastrointestinal tract–has
been found to not only be an essential component immune and metabolic health, but also …

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is still a common functional gastrointestinal disease that
presents chronic abdominal symptoms but with a pathophysiology that is not yet fully …

Mental disorders and neurological diseases have brought rapidly increasing medical
burdens. Although extensive researches have been conducted hugely, effective therapies …

The relationship between gut microbiota and neurological diseases, including chronic pain,
has received increasing attention. The gut microbiome is a crucial modulator of visceral …

While research into the biology of animal behaviour has primarily focused on the central
nervous system, cues from peripheral tissues and the environment have been implicated in …

Abstract Background and Aim Emerging evidence indicates that psychological stress is
involved in the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome, which is characterized by visceral …

Scope The gut microbiota plays a prominent role in gut–brain interactions and gut dysbiosis
is involved in neuroinflammation. However, specific probiotics targeting neuroinflammation …

The gut microbiota is a vast, complex, and fascinating ecosystem of microorganisms that
resides in the human gastrointestinal tract. As an integral part of the microbiota–gut–brain …